Draft: task: #3601481 Deprecate extension pathname APIs in favor of path-based lookups
Deprecate the single-extension pathname accessors in favour of the path-based APIs:
- ExtensionList::getPathname() - use ::getPath() for the extension directory or ::getPathNames() for the .info.yml path.
- ExtensionPathResolver::getPathname() - use ::getPath().
Rework ExtensionList::getPath() and ExtensionPathResolver::getPath() to resolve directly instead of delegating through the deprecated getPathname(), and make ExtensionList::getPathNames() return manually added pathnames merged with the calculated map. Update callers and tests to the non-deprecated APIs and add focused deprecation coverage.
Closes #3601481