form.inc

<?php

/**
 * @file
 * Functions for form and batch generation and processing.
 */

use Drupal\Component\Utility\NestedArray;
use Drupal\Component\Utility\Number;
use Drupal\Component\Utility\String;
use Drupal\Component\Utility\UrlHelper;
use Drupal\Component\Utility\Xss;
use Drupal\Core\Database\Database;
use Drupal\Core\Form\OptGroup;
use Drupal\Core\Language\Language;
use Drupal\Core\Render\Element;
use Drupal\Core\Template\Attribute;
use Drupal\Core\Utility\Color;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RedirectResponse;

/**
 * @defgroup forms Form builder functions
 * @{
 * Functions that build an abstract representation of a HTML form.
 *
 * All modules should declare their form builder functions to be in this
 * group and each builder function should reference its validate and submit
 * functions using \@see. Conversely, validate and submit functions should
 * reference the form builder function using \@see. For examples, of this see
 * system_modules_uninstall() or user_pass(), the latter of which has the
 * following in its doxygen documentation:
 * - \@ingroup forms
 * - \@see user_pass_validate()
 * - \@see user_pass_submit()
 *
 * @}
 */

/**
 * @defgroup form_api Form generation
 * @{
 * Describes how to generate and manipulate forms and process form submissions.
 *
 * Drupal provides a Form API in order to achieve consistency in its form
 * processing and presentation, while simplifying code and reducing the amount
 * of HTML that must be explicitly generated by a module.
 *
 * @section generating_forms Creating forms
 * Forms are defined as classes that implement the
 * \Drupal\Core\Form\FormInterface and are built using the
 * \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilder class. Drupal provides a couple of utility
 * classes that can be extended as a starting point for most basic forms, the
 * most commonly used of which is \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBase. FormBuilder
 * handles the low level processing of forms such as rendering the necessary
 * HTML, initial processing of incoming $_POST data, and delegating to your
 * implementation of FormInterface for validation and processing of submitted
 * data.
 *
 * Here is an example of a Form class:
 * @code
 * namespace Drupal\mymodule\Form;
 *
 * use Drupal\Core\Form\FormBase;
 *
 * class ExampleForm extends FormBase {
 *   public function getFormId() {
 *     // Unique ID of the form.
 *     return 'example_form';
 *   }
 *
 *   public function buildForm(array $form, array &$form_state) {
 *     // Create a $form API array.
 *     $form['phone_number'] = array(
 *       '#type' => 'tel',
 *       '#title' => $this->t('Your phone number')
 *     );
 *     return $form;
 *   }
 *
 *   public function validateForm(array &$form, array &$form_state) {
 *     // Validate submitted form data.
 *   }
 *
 *   public function submitForm(array &$form, array &$form_state) {
 *     // Handle submitted form data.
 *   }
 * }
 * @endcode
 *
 * @section retrieving_forms Retrieving and displaying forms
 * \Drupal::formBuilder()->getForm() should be used to handle retrieving,
 * processing, and displaying a rendered HTML form. Given the ExampleForm
 * defined above,
 * \Drupal::formBuilder()->getForm('Drupal\mymodule\Form\ExampleForm') would
 * return the rendered HTML of the form defined by ExampleForm::buildForm(), or
 * call the validateForm() and submitForm(), methods depending on the current
 * processing state.
 *
 * The argument to \Drupal::formBuilder()->getForm() is the name of a class that
 * implements FormBuilderInterface. Any additional arguments passed to the
 * getForm() method will be passed along as additional arguments to the
 * ExampleForm::buildForm() method.
 *
 * For example:
 * @code
 * $extra = '612-123-4567';
 * $form = \Drupal::formBuilder()->getForm('Drupal\mymodule\Form\ExampleForm', $extra);
 * ...
 * public function buildForm(array $form, array &$form_state, $extra = NULL)
 *   $form['phone_number'] = array(
 *     '#type' => 'tel',
 *     '#title' => $this->t('Your phone number'),
 *     '#value' => $extra,
 *   );
 *   return $form;
 * }
 * @endcode
 *
 * Alternatively, forms can be built directly via the routing system which will
 * take care of calling \Drupal::formBuilder()->getForm(). The following example
 * demonstrates the use of a routing.yml file to display a form at the the
 * given route.
 *
 * @code
 * example.form:
 *   path: '/example-form'
 *   defaults:
 *     _title: 'Example form'
 *     _form: '\Drupal\mymodule\Form\ExampleForm'
 * @endcode
 *
 * The $form argument to form-related functions is a structured array containing
 * the elements and properties of the form. For information on the array
 * components and format, and more detailed explanations of the Form API
 * workflow, see the
 * @link forms_api_reference.html Form API reference @endlink
 * and the
 * @link https://drupal.org/node/2117411 Form API documentation section. @endlink
 * In addition, there is a set of Form API tutorials in
 * @link form_example_tutorial.inc the Form Example Tutorial @endlink which
 * provide basics all the way up through multistep forms.
 *
 * In the form builder, validation, submission, and other form methods,
 * $form_state is the primary influence on the processing of the form and is
 * passed by reference to most methods, so they can use it to communicate with
 * the form system and each other.
 *
 * See \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilder::buildForm() for documentation of
 * $form_state keys.
 */

/**
 * Returns a renderable form array for a given form ID.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->getForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::getForm().
 */
function drupal_get_form($form_arg) {
  return call_user_func_array(array(\Drupal::formBuilder(), 'getForm'), func_get_args());
}

/**
 * Builds and processes a form for a given form ID.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->buildForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::buildForm().
 */
function drupal_build_form($form_id, &$form_state) {
  return \Drupal::formBuilder()->buildForm($form_id, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Retrieves default values for the $form_state array.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->getFormStateDefaults().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::getFormStateDefaults().
 */
function form_state_defaults() {
  return \Drupal::formBuilder()->getFormStateDefaults();
}

/**
 * Constructs a new $form from the information in $form_state.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->rebuildForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::rebuildForm().
 */
function drupal_rebuild_form($form_id, &$form_state, $old_form = NULL) {
  return \Drupal::formBuilder()->rebuildForm($form_id, $form_state, $old_form);
}

/**
 * Fetches a form from the cache.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->getCache().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::getCache().
 */
function form_get_cache($form_build_id, &$form_state) {
  return \Drupal::formBuilder()->getCache($form_build_id, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Stores a form in the cache.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->setCache().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::setCache().
 */
function form_set_cache($form_build_id, $form, $form_state) {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->setCache($form_build_id, $form, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Ensures an include file is loaded whenever the form is processed.
 *
 * Example:
 * @code
 *   // Load node.admin.inc from Node module.
 *   form_load_include($form_state, 'inc', 'node', 'node.admin');
 * @endcode
 *
 * Use this function instead of module_load_include() from inside a form
 * constructor or any form processing logic as it ensures that the include file
 * is loaded whenever the form is processed. In contrast to using
 * module_load_include() directly, form_load_include() makes sure the include
 * file is correctly loaded also if the form is cached.
 *
 * @param $form_state
 *   The current state of the form.
 * @param $type
 *   The include file's type (file extension).
 * @param $module
 *   The module to which the include file belongs.
 * @param $name
 *   (optional) The base file name (without the $type extension). If omitted,
 *   $module is used; i.e., resulting in "$module.$type" by default.
 *
 * @return
 *   The filepath of the loaded include file, or FALSE if the include file was
 *   not found or has been loaded already.
 *
 * @see module_load_include()
 */
function form_load_include(&$form_state, $type, $module, $name = NULL) {
  if (!isset($name)) {
    $name = $module;
  }
  if (!isset($form_state['build_info']['files']["$module:$name.$type"])) {
    // Only add successfully included files to the form state.
    if ($result = module_load_include($type, $module, $name)) {
      $form_state['build_info']['files']["$module:$name.$type"] = array(
        'type' => $type,
        'module' => $module,
        'name' => $name,
      );
      return $result;
    }
  }
  return FALSE;
}

/**
 * Retrieves, populates, and processes a form.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->submitForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::submitForm().
 */
function drupal_form_submit($form_arg, &$form_state) {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->submitForm($form_arg, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Retrieves the structured array that defines a given form.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->retrieveForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::retrieveForm().
 */
function drupal_retrieve_form($form_id, &$form_state) {
  return \Drupal::formBuilder()->retrieveForm($form_id, $form_state);

}
/**
 * Processes a form submission.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->processForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::processForm().
 */
function drupal_process_form($form_id, &$form, &$form_state) {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->processForm($form_id, $form, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Prepares a structured form array.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->prepareForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::prepareForm().
 */
function drupal_prepare_form($form_id, &$form, &$form_state) {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->prepareForm($form_id, $form, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Validates user-submitted form data in the $form_state array.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->validateForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormValidatorInterface::validateForm().
 */
function drupal_validate_form($form_id, &$form, &$form_state) {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->validateForm($form_id, $form, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Redirects the user to a URL after a form has been processed.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::service('form_submitter')->redirectForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormSubmitterInterface::redirectForm().
 */
function drupal_redirect_form($form_state) {
  return \Drupal::service('form_submitter')->redirectForm($form_state);
}

/**
 * Executes custom validation and submission handlers for a given form.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use either \Drupal::service('form_submitter')->executeSubmitHandlers() or
 *   \Drupal::service('form_validator')->executeValidateHandlers().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormSubmitterInterface::executeSubmitHandlers()
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormValidatorInterface::executeValidateHandlers()
 */
function form_execute_handlers($type, &$form, &$form_state) {
  if ($type == 'submit') {
    \Drupal::service('form_submitter')->executeSubmitHandlers($form, $form_state);
  }
  elseif ($type == 'validate') {
    \Drupal::service('form_validator')->executeValidateHandlers($form, $form_state);
  }
}

/**
 * Files an error against a form element.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->setErrorByName().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormErrorInterface::setErrorByName().
 */
function form_set_error($name, array &$form_state, $message = '') {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->setErrorByName($name, $form_state, $message);
}

/**
 * Clears all errors against all form elements made by form_set_error().
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->clearErrors().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::clearErrors().
 */
function form_clear_error(array &$form_state) {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->clearErrors($form_state);
}

/**
 * Returns an associative array of all errors.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->getErrors().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormErrorInterface::getErrors()
 */
function form_get_errors(array &$form_state) {
  return \Drupal::formBuilder()->getErrors($form_state);
}

/**
 * Returns the error message filed against the given form element.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->getError().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormErrorInterface::getError().
 */
function form_get_error($element, array &$form_state) {
  return \Drupal::formBuilder()->getError($element, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Flags an element as having an error.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->setError().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormErrorInterface::setError().
 */
function form_error(&$element, array &$form_state, $message = '') {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->setError($element, $form_state, $message);
}

/**
 * Builds and processes all elements in the structured form array.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->doBuildForm().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::doBuildForm().
 */
function form_builder($form_id, &$element, &$form_state) {
  return \Drupal::formBuilder()->doBuildForm($form_id, $element, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Removes internal Form API elements and buttons from submitted form values.
 *
 * This function can be used when a module wants to store all submitted form
 * values, for example, by serializing them into a single database column. In
 * such cases, all internal Form API values and all form button elements should
 * not be contained, and this function allows to remove them before the module
 * proceeds to storage. Next to button elements, the following internal values
 * are removed:
 * - form_id
 * - form_token
 * - form_build_id
 * - op
 *
 * @param $form_state
 *   A keyed array containing the current state of the form, including
 *   submitted form values; altered by reference.
 */
function form_state_values_clean(&$form_state) {
  // Remove internal Form API values.
  unset($form_state['values']['form_id'], $form_state['values']['form_token'], $form_state['values']['form_build_id'], $form_state['values']['op']);

  // Remove button values.
  // form_builder() collects all button elements in a form. We remove the button
  // value separately for each button element.
  foreach ($form_state['buttons'] as $button) {
    // Remove this button's value from the submitted form values by finding
    // the value corresponding to this button.
    // We iterate over the #parents of this button and move a reference to
    // each parent in $form_state['values']. For example, if #parents is:
    //   array('foo', 'bar', 'baz')
    // then the corresponding $form_state['values'] part will look like this:
    // array(
    //   'foo' => array(
    //     'bar' => array(
    //       'baz' => 'button_value',
    //     ),
    //   ),
    // )
    // We start by (re)moving 'baz' to $last_parent, so we are able unset it
    // at the end of the iteration. Initially, $values will contain a
    // reference to $form_state['values'], but in the iteration we move the
    // reference to $form_state['values']['foo'], and finally to
    // $form_state['values']['foo']['bar'], which is the level where we can
    // unset 'baz' (that is stored in $last_parent).
    $parents = $button['#parents'];
    $last_parent = array_pop($parents);
    $key_exists = NULL;
    $values = &NestedArray::getValue($form_state['values'], $parents, $key_exists);
    if ($key_exists && is_array($values)) {
      unset($values[$last_parent]);
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value for an image button form element.
 *
 * @param $form
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 * @param $form_state
 *   A keyed array containing the current state of the form.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $form_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_image_button_value($form, $input, $form_state) {
  if ($input !== FALSE) {
    if (!empty($input)) {
      // If we're dealing with Mozilla or Opera, we're lucky. It will
      // return a proper value, and we can get on with things.
      return $form['#return_value'];
    }
    else {
      // Unfortunately, in IE we never get back a proper value for THIS
      // form element. Instead, we get back two split values: one for the
      // X and one for the Y coordinates on which the user clicked the
      // button. We'll find this element in the #post data, and search
      // in the same spot for its name, with '_x'.
      $input = $form_state['input'];
      foreach (explode('[', $form['#name']) as $element_name) {
        // chop off the ] that may exist.
        if (substr($element_name, -1) == ']') {
          $element_name = substr($element_name, 0, -1);
        }

        if (!isset($input[$element_name])) {
          if (isset($input[$element_name . '_x'])) {
            return $form['#return_value'];
          }
          return NULL;
        }
        $input = $input[$element_name];
      }
      return $form['#return_value'];
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value for a checkbox form element.
 *
 * @param $form
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $element_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_checkbox_value($element, $input = FALSE) {
  if ($input === FALSE) {
    // Use #default_value as the default value of a checkbox, except change
    // NULL to 0, because FormBuilder::handleInputElement() would otherwise
    // replace NULL with empty string, but an empty string is a potentially
    // valid value for a checked checkbox.
    return isset($element['#default_value']) ? $element['#default_value'] : 0;
  }
  else {
    // Checked checkboxes are submitted with a value (possibly '0' or ''):
    // http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.html#successful-controls.
    // For checked checkboxes, browsers submit the string version of
    // #return_value, but we return the original #return_value. For unchecked
    // checkboxes, browsers submit nothing at all, but
    // FormBuilder::handleInputElement() detects this, and calls this
    // function with $input=NULL. Returning NULL from a value callback means to
    // use the default value, which is not what is wanted when an unchecked
    // checkbox is submitted, so we use integer 0 as the value indicating an
    // unchecked checkbox. Therefore, modules must not use integer 0 as a
    // #return_value, as doing so results in the checkbox always being treated
    // as unchecked. The string '0' is allowed for #return_value. The most
    // common use-case for setting #return_value to either 0 or '0' is for the
    // first option within a 0-indexed array of checkboxes, and for this,
    // form_process_checkboxes() uses the string rather than the integer.
    return isset($input) ? $element['#return_value'] : 0;
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value for a checkboxes form element.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $element_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_checkboxes_value($element, $input = FALSE) {
  if ($input === FALSE) {
    $value = array();
    $element += array('#default_value' => array());
    foreach ($element['#default_value'] as $key) {
      $value[$key] = $key;
    }
    return $value;
  }
  elseif (is_array($input)) {
    // Programmatic form submissions use NULL to indicate that a checkbox
    // should be unchecked; see drupal_form_submit(). We therefore remove all
    // NULL elements from the array before constructing the return value, to
    // simulate the behavior of web browsers (which do not send unchecked
    // checkboxes to the server at all). This will not affect non-programmatic
    // form submissions, since all values in \Drupal::request()->request are
    // strings.
    foreach ($input as $key => $value) {
      if (!isset($value)) {
        unset($input[$key]);
      }
    }
    return array_combine($input, $input);
  }
  else {
    return array();
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value of a table form element.
 *
 * @param array $element
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param array|false $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 *
 * @return array
 *   The data that will appear in the $form_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_table_value(array $element, $input = FALSE) {
  // If #multiple is FALSE, the regular default value of radio buttons is used.
  if (!empty($element['#tableselect']) && !empty($element['#multiple'])) {
    // Contrary to #type 'checkboxes', the default value of checkboxes in a
    // table is built from the array keys (instead of array values) of the
    // #default_value property.
    // @todo D8: Remove this inconsistency.
    if ($input === FALSE) {
      $element += array('#default_value' => array());
      $value = array_keys(array_filter($element['#default_value']));
      return array_combine($value, $value);
    }
    else {
      return is_array($input) ? array_combine($input, $input) : array();
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Form value callback: Determines the value for a #type radios form element.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   (optional) The incoming input to populate the form element. If FALSE, the
 *   element's default value is returned. Defaults to FALSE.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $element_state['values'] collection for
 *   this element.
 */
function form_type_radios_value(&$element, $input = FALSE) {
  if ($input !== FALSE) {
    // When there's user input (including NULL), return it as the value.
    // However, if NULL is submitted, FormBuilder::handleInputElement() will
    // apply the default value, and we want that validated against #options
    // unless it's empty. (An empty #default_value, such as NULL or FALSE, can
    // be used to indicate that no radio button is selected by default.)
    if (!isset($input) && !empty($element['#default_value'])) {
      $element['#needs_validation'] = TRUE;
    }
    return $input;
  }
  else {
    // For default value handling, simply return #default_value. Additionally,
    // for a NULL default value, set #has_garbage_value to prevent
    // FormBuilder::handleInputElement() converting the NULL to an empty
    // string, so that code can distinguish between nothing selected and the
    // selection of a radio button whose value is an empty string.
    $value = isset($element['#default_value']) ? $element['#default_value'] : NULL;
    if (!isset($value)) {
      $element['#has_garbage_value'] = TRUE;
    }
    return $value;
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value for a tableselect form element.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $element_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_tableselect_value($element, $input = FALSE) {
  // If $element['#multiple'] == FALSE, then radio buttons are displayed and
  // the default value handling is used.
  if (isset($element['#multiple']) && $element['#multiple']) {
    // Checkboxes are being displayed with the default value coming from the
    // keys of the #default_value property. This differs from the checkboxes
    // element which uses the array values.
    if ($input === FALSE) {
      $value = array();
      $element += array('#default_value' => array());
      foreach ($element['#default_value'] as $key => $flag) {
        if ($flag) {
          $value[$key] = $key;
        }
      }
      return $value;
    }
    else {
      return is_array($input) ? array_combine($input, $input) : array();
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value for a password_confirm form element.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $element_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_password_confirm_value($element, $input = FALSE) {
  if ($input === FALSE) {
    $element += array('#default_value' => array());
    return $element['#default_value'] + array('pass1' => '', 'pass2' => '');
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value for a select form element.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $element_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_select_value($element, $input = FALSE) {
  if ($input !== FALSE) {
    if (isset($element['#multiple']) && $element['#multiple']) {
      // If an enabled multi-select submits NULL, it means all items are
      // unselected. A disabled multi-select always submits NULL, and the
      // default value should be used.
      if (empty($element['#disabled'])) {
        return (is_array($input)) ? array_combine($input, $input) : array();
      }
      else {
        return (isset($element['#default_value']) && is_array($element['#default_value'])) ? $element['#default_value'] : array();
      }
    }
    // Non-multiple select elements may have an empty option preprended to them
    // (see form_process_select()). When this occurs, usually #empty_value is
    // an empty string, but some forms set #empty_value to integer 0 or some
    // other non-string constant. PHP receives all submitted form input as
    // strings, but if the empty option is selected, set the value to match the
    // empty value exactly.
    elseif (isset($element['#empty_value']) && $input === (string) $element['#empty_value']) {
      return $element['#empty_value'];
    }
    else {
      return $input;
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value for a textfield form element.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $element_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_textfield_value($element, $input = FALSE) {
  if ($input !== FALSE && $input !== NULL) {
    // Equate $input to the form value to ensure it's marked for
    // validation.
    return str_replace(array("\r", "\n"), '', $input);
  }
}

/**
 * Determines the value for form's token value.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   The form element whose value is being populated.
 * @param $input
 *   The incoming input to populate the form element. If this is FALSE,
 *   the element's default value should be returned.
 *
 * @return
 *   The data that will appear in the $element_state['values'] collection
 *   for this element. Return nothing to use the default.
 */
function form_type_token_value($element, $input = FALSE) {
  if ($input !== FALSE) {
    return (string) $input;
  }
}

/**
 * Changes submitted form values during form validation.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal::formBuilder()->setValue().
 *
 * @see \Drupal\Core\Form\FormBuilderInterface::setValue().
 */
function form_set_value($element, $value, &$form_state) {
  \Drupal::formBuilder()->setValue($element, $value, $form_state);
}

/**
 * Allows PHP array processing of multiple select options with the same value.
 *
 * Used for form select elements which need to validate HTML option groups
 * and multiple options which may return the same value. Associative PHP arrays
 * cannot handle these structures, since they share a common key.
 *
 * @param $array
 *   The form options array to process.
 *
 * @return
 *   An array with all hierarchical elements flattened to a single array.
 *
 * @deprecated in Drupal 8.x-dev, will be removed before Drupal 8.0.
 *   Use \Drupal\Core\Form\OptGroup::flattenOptions().
 */
function form_options_flatten($array) {
  return OptGroup::flattenOptions($array);
}

/**
 * Processes a select list form element.
 *
 * This process callback is mandatory for select fields, since all user agents
 * automatically preselect the first available option of single (non-multiple)
 * select lists.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   The form element to process. Properties used:
 *   - #multiple: (optional) Indicates whether one or more options can be
 *     selected. Defaults to FALSE.
 *   - #default_value: Must be NULL or not set in case there is no value for the
 *     element yet, in which case a first default option is inserted by default.
 *     Whether this first option is a valid option depends on whether the field
 *     is #required or not.
 *   - #required: (optional) Whether the user needs to select an option (TRUE)
 *     or not (FALSE). Defaults to FALSE.
 *   - #empty_option: (optional) The label to show for the first default option.
 *     By default, the label is automatically set to "- Please select -" for a
 *     required field and "- None -" for an optional field.
 *   - #empty_value: (optional) The value for the first default option, which is
 *     used to determine whether the user submitted a value or not.
 *     - If #required is TRUE, this defaults to '' (an empty string).
 *     - If #required is not TRUE and this value isn't set, then no extra option
 *       is added to the select control, leaving the control in a slightly
 *       illogical state, because there's no way for the user to select nothing,
 *       since all user agents automatically preselect the first available
 *       option. But people are used to this being the behavior of select
 *       controls.
 *       @todo Address the above issue in Drupal 8.
 *     - If #required is not TRUE and this value is set (most commonly to an
 *       empty string), then an extra option (see #empty_option above)
 *       representing a "non-selection" is added with this as its value.
 *
 * @see _form_validate()
 */
function form_process_select($element) {
  // #multiple select fields need a special #name.
  if ($element['#multiple']) {
    $element['#attributes']['multiple'] = 'multiple';
    $element['#attributes']['name'] = $element['#name'] . '[]';
  }
  // A non-#multiple select needs special handling to prevent user agents from
  // preselecting the first option without intention. #multiple select lists do
  // not get an empty option, as it would not make sense, user interface-wise.
  else {
    // If the element is set to #required through #states, override the
    // element's #required setting.
    $required = isset($element['#states']['required']) ? TRUE : $element['#required'];
    // If the element is required and there is no #default_value, then add an
    // empty option that will fail validation, so that the user is required to
    // make a choice. Also, if there's a value for #empty_value or
    // #empty_option, then add an option that represents emptiness.
    if (($required && !isset($element['#default_value'])) || isset($element['#empty_value']) || isset($element['#empty_option'])) {
      $element += array(
        '#empty_value' => '',
        '#empty_option' => $required ? t('- Select -') : t('- None -'),
      );
      // The empty option is prepended to #options and purposively not merged
      // to prevent another option in #options mistakenly using the same value
      // as #empty_value.
      $empty_option = array($element['#empty_value'] => $element['#empty_option']);
      $element['#options'] = $empty_option + $element['#options'];
    }
  }
  return $element;
}

/**
 * Prepares variables for select element templates.
 *
 * Default template: select.html.twig.
 *
 * It is possible to group options together; to do this, change the format of
 * $options to an associative array in which the keys are group labels, and the
 * values are associative arrays in the normal $options format.
 *
 * @param $variables
 *   An associative array containing:
 *   - element: An associative array containing the properties of the element.
 *     Properties used: #title, #value, #options, #description, #extra,
 *     #multiple, #required, #name, #attributes, #size.
 */
function template_preprocess_select(&$variables) {
  $element = $variables['element'];
  Element::setAttributes($element, array('id', 'name', 'size'));
  _form_set_attributes($element, array('form-select'));

  $variables['attributes'] = $element['#attributes'];
  $variables['options'] = form_select_options($element);
}

/**
 * Converts a select form element's options array into HTML.
 *
 * @param $element
 *   An associative array containing the properties of the element.
 * @param $choices
 *   Mixed: Either an associative array of items to list as choices, or an
 *   object with an 'option' member that is an associative array. This
 *   parameter is only used internally and should not be passed.
 *
 * @return
 *   An HTML string of options for the select form element.
 */
function form_select_options($element, $choices = NULL) {
  if (!isset($choices)) {
    if (empty($element['#options'])) {
      return '';
    }
    $choices = $element['#options'];
  }
  // array_key_exists() accommodates the rare event where $element['#value'] is NULL.
  // isset() fails in this situation.
  $value_valid = isset($element['#value']) || array_key_exists('#value', $element);
  $value_is_array = $value_valid && is_array($element['#value']);
  // Check if the element is multiple select and no value has been selected.
  $empty_value = (empty($element['#value']) && !empty($element['#multiple']));
  $options = '';
  foreach ($choices as $key => $choice) {
    if (is_array($choice)) {
      $options .= '<optgroup label="' . $key . '">';
      $options .= form_select_options($element, $choice);
      $options .= '</optgroup>';
    }
    elseif (is_object($choice)) {
      $options .= form_select_options($element, $choice->option);
    }
    else {
      $key = (string) $key;
      $empty_choice = $empty_value && $key == '_none';
      if ($value_valid && ((!$value_is_array && (string) $element['#value'] === $key || ($value_is_array && in_array($key, $element['#value']))) || $empty_choice)) {
        $selected = ' selected="selected"';
      }
      else {
        $selected = '';
      }
      $options .= '<option value="' . String::checkPlain($key) . '"' . $selected . '>' . String::checkPlain($choice) . '</option>';
    }
  }