Improve issues_bot performance: drop sleep(5), optimize git fetch, add fork-poll with backoff
### Problem/Motivation
Remove unconditional 5-second sleep before git checkout. Narrow git fetch to the target branch instead of fetching all refs since the clone already provides the needed branches. Add adaptive fork-readiness polling that probes git ls-remote on a 3s interval for the first 5 attempts then backs off to 10s, and resolve issue-version fields deterministically from field options instead of via exception-driven retries. Replace asserts with explicit error handling for improved resilience.
### Work items
- Commit(s): [1ec7372f19](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/1ec7372f19e8), [52034822f6](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/52034822f68c), [b677272a50](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/b677272a5052), [6f876ec2e9](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/6f876ec2e9e4), [7210fa64fb](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/7210fa64fbef), [a3402e1153](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/a3402e115345), [2e73755ed5](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/2e73755ed546)
### Credit
- Implemented by: @bbrala
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*Filed retroactively as part of the Drupal 12 rector coverage effort. Closed as fixed; credit to be applied to the contributors listed above.*
*AI was used extensively to build this work and to file this issue. See [Dries Buytaert: AI-generated Rector rules for Drupal](https://dri.es/ai-generated-rector-rules-for-drupal) and [Björn Brala: Drupal Rector rules are config, not code. Mostly.](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/drupal-rector-rules-config-code-mostly-bj%C3%B6rn-brala-vfpwe/).*
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