Set minimum Drupal version to 10.5; add PHP 8.4 runner
### Problem/Motivation Establish Drupal 10.5 as the minimum target version for analysis and upgrade the PHP runtime to 8.4 for testing and execution. ### Work items - Commit(s): [9234f86223](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/9234f862239f), [b34172bef9](https://git.drupalcode.org/project/project_analysis/-/commit/b34172bef957) ### Credit - Implemented by: @bbrala --- *Filed retroactively as part of the Drupal 12 rector coverage effort. Closed as fixed; credit to be applied to the contributors listed above.* *AI was used extensively to build this work and to file this issue. See [Dries Buytaert: AI-generated Rector rules for Drupal](https://dri.es/ai-generated-rector-rules-for-drupal) and [Björn Brala: Drupal Rector rules are config, not code. Mostly.](https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/drupal-rector-rules-config-code-mostly-bj%C3%B6rn-brala-vfpwe/).*
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