fix: #2940605 Can only intentionally re-render an entity with references 20 times (187c122a) · Commits · project / drupal

core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/EntityViewBuilder.php

+89 −1

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -80,6 +80,13 @@ class EntityViewBuilder extends EntityHandlerBase implements EntityHandlerInterf
		*/
		protected $singleFieldDisplays;

		/**
		* A collection of keys.
		*
		* It identifies rendering in progress, used to prevent recursion.
		*/
		protected static array $recursionKeys = [];

		/**
		* Constructs a new EntityViewBuilder.
		*
		@@ -136,7 +143,12 @@ public function view(EntityInterface $entity, $view_mode = 'full', $langcode = N
		* {@inheritdoc}
		*/
		public static function trustedCallbacks() {
		return ['build', 'buildMultiple'];
		return [
		'build',
		'buildMultiple',
		'setRecursiveRenderProtection',
		'unsetRecursiveRenderProtection',
		];
		}

		/**
		@@ -190,6 +202,9 @@ protected function getBuildDefaults(EntityInterface $entity, $view_mode) {
		'max-age' => $entity->getCacheMaxAge(),
		],
		];
		// Add callbacks to protect from recursive rendering.
		$build['#pre_render'] = [[$this, 'setRecursiveRenderProtection']];
		$build['#post_render'] = [[$this, 'unsetRecursiveRenderProtection']];

		// Add the default #theme key if a template exists for it.
		if ($this->themeRegistry->getRuntime()->has($this->entityTypeId)) {
		@@ -537,4 +552,77 @@ protected function getSingleFieldDisplay($entity, $field_name, $display_options)
		return $display;
		}

		/**
		* Entity render array #pre_render callback.
		*/
		public function setRecursiveRenderProtection(array $build): array {
		// Checks whether entity render array with matching cache keys is being
		// recursively rendered. If not already being rendered,
		// add an entry to track that it is.
		$recursion_key = $this->getRenderRecursionKey($build);
		if (isset(static::$recursionKeys[$recursion_key])) {
		trigger_error(sprintf('Recursive rendering attempt aborted for %s. In progress: %s', $recursion_key, print_r(static::$recursionKeys, TRUE)), E_USER_WARNING);
		$build['#printed'] = TRUE;
		}
		else {
		static::$recursionKeys[$recursion_key] = TRUE;
		}
		return $build;
		}

		/**
		* Entity render array #post_render callback.
		*/
		public function unsetRecursiveRenderProtection(string $renderedEntity, array $build): string {
		// Removes rendered entity matching cache keys from recursive render
		// tracking, once the entity has been rendered.
		$recursion_key = $this->getRenderRecursionKey($build);
		unset(static::$recursionKeys[$recursion_key]);

		return $renderedEntity;
		}

		/**
		* Generates a key for an entity render array for recursion protection.
		*
		* @param array $build
		* The entity render array.
		*
		* @return string
		* The key to ID the build array within recursion tracking.
		*/
		protected function getRenderRecursionKey(array $build): string {
		/** @var \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityInterface $entity */
		$entity = $build['#' . $this->entityTypeId];

		$recursion_keys = [
		$entity->getEntityTypeId(),
		];

		// If entity is new and has no ID, generate unique ID from entity object.
		// This is to prevent false positives, for example when previewing a new
		// node that is referencing a new node without either node yet being saved.
		if ($entity->id()) {
		$recursion_keys[] = 'entity_id';
		$recursion_keys[] = $entity->id();
		if ($entity instanceof RevisionableInterface) {
		$recursion_keys[] = $entity->getRevisionId();
		}
		}
		else {
		$recursion_keys[] = 'object_id';
		$recursion_keys[] = spl_object_id($entity);
		}

		if ($entity instanceof TranslatableDataInterface) {
		$recursion_keys[] = $entity->language()->getId();
		}

		$recursion_keys[] = $build['#view_mode'];

		// It seems very unlikely that the same entity displayed in the same view
		// mode would be recursively nested and meant to be displayed differently.
		return implode(':', $recursion_keys);
		}

		}

core/lib/Drupal/Core/Field/Plugin/Field/FieldFormatter/EntityReferenceEntityFormatter.php

+14 −35

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ class EntityReferenceEntityFormatter extends EntityReferenceFormatterBase {
		* The number of times this formatter allows rendering the same entity.
		*
		* @var int
		*
		* @deprecated in drupal:11.4.0 and is removed from drupal:13.0.0.
		* EntityViewBuilder #pre_render and #post_render callbacks prevent recursion.
		*
		* @see https://www.drupal.org/node/3316878
		* @see \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityViewBuilder::getBuildDefaults()
		*/
		const RECURSIVE_RENDER_LIMIT = 20;

		@@ -56,10 +62,17 @@ class EntityReferenceEntityFormatter extends EntityReferenceFormatterBase {
		/**
		* An array of counters for the recursive rendering protection.
		*
		* @var array
		*
		* Each counter takes into account all the relevant information about the
		* field and the referenced entity that is being rendered.
		*
		* @var array
		* @deprecated in drupal:11.4.0 and is removed from drupal:13.0.0.
		* EntityViewBuilder #pre_render and #post_render callbacks prevent
		* recursion.
		*
		* @see https://www.drupal.org/node/3316878
		* @see \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityViewBuilder::getBuildDefaults()
		*
		* @see \Drupal\Core\Field\Plugin\Field\FieldFormatter\EntityReferenceEntityFormatter::viewElements()
		*/
		@@ -160,40 +173,6 @@ public function viewElements(FieldItemListInterface $items, $langcode) {
		$elements = [];

		foreach ($this->getEntitiesToView($items, $langcode) as $delta => $entity) {
		// Due to render caching and delayed calls, the viewElements() method
		// will be called later in the rendering process through a '#pre_render'
		// callback, so we need to generate a counter that takes into account
		// all the relevant information about this field and the referenced
		// entity that is being rendered.
		$recursive_render_id = $items->getFieldDefinition()->getTargetEntityTypeId()
		. $items->getFieldDefinition()->getTargetBundle()
		. $items->getName()
		// We include the referencing entity, so we can render default images
		// without hitting recursive protections.
		. $items->getEntity()->id()
		. $entity->getEntityTypeId()
		. $entity->id();

		if (isset(static::$recursiveRenderDepth[$recursive_render_id])) {
		static::$recursiveRenderDepth[$recursive_render_id]++;
		}
		else {
		static::$recursiveRenderDepth[$recursive_render_id] = 1;
		}

		// Protect ourselves from recursive rendering.
		if (static::$recursiveRenderDepth[$recursive_render_id] > static::RECURSIVE_RENDER_LIMIT) {
		$this->loggerFactory->get('entity')->error('Recursive rendering detected when rendering entity %entity_type: %entity_id, using the %field_name field on the %parent_entity_type:%parent_bundle %parent_entity_id entity. Aborting rendering.', [
		'%entity_type' => $entity->getEntityTypeId(),
		'%entity_id' => $entity->id(),
		'%field_name' => $items->getName(),
		'%parent_entity_type' => $items->getFieldDefinition()->getTargetEntityTypeId(),
		'%parent_bundle' => $items->getFieldDefinition()->getTargetBundle(),
		'%parent_entity_id' => $items->getEntity()->id(),
		]);
		return $elements;
		}

		$view_builder = $this->entityTypeManager->getViewBuilder($entity->getEntityTypeId());
		$elements[$delta] = $view_builder->view($entity, $view_mode, $entity->language()->getId());

core/modules/field/tests/src/Functional/EntityReference/EntityReferenceAutoCreateTest.php

+50 −0

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -306,4 +306,54 @@ public function testNoBundles(): void {
		$this->assertEquals($referenced_id, $referencing_node->$field_name->target_id, 'Newly created node is referenced from the referencing entity.');
		}

		/**
		* Test previewing autocreated node in a new node is not flagged as recursion.
		*
		* Entity render recursion is prevented by pushing/popping entities being
		* rendered on to a stack keyed by a string made up of the entity type ID,
		* entity ID, and the view mode. In the case of new entities, the entity ID is
		* NULL, so this test checks that unique identifiers are used in the stack
		* keys for new entities to prevent false positive recursion protection.
		*/
		public function testAutoCreatedNodeNewNodePreview(): void {
		// Set the referenced node to be displayed as a rendered entity in the same
		// view mode as the referencing node.
		$display_repository = \Drupal::service('entity_display.repository');
		$display_repository->getViewDisplay('node', $this->referencingType)
		->setComponent('test_field', [
		'type' => 'entity_reference_entity_view',
		'settings' => [
		'view_mode' => 'teaser',
		],
		])
		->save();
		// Remove the links component from the referenced node's display because
		// there would be errors rendering links on the referenced entity without an
		// ID.
		$display_repository->getViewDisplay('node', $this->referencedType, 'teaser')
		->removeComponent('links')
		->save();

		// Assert referenced node does not exist.
		$referenced_title = $this->randomMachineName();
		$result = \Drupal::entityQuery('node')
		->accessCheck(FALSE)
		->condition('type', $this->referencedType)
		->condition('title', $referenced_title)
		->execute();
		$this->assertEmpty($result, 'Referenced node does not exist yet.');

		// Preview a new referencing node from the node add form.
		$edit = [
		'title[0][value]' => $this->randomMachineName(),
		'test_field[0][target_id]' => $referenced_title,
		];
		$this->drupalGet("node/add/{$this->referencingType}");
		$this->submitForm($edit, 'Preview');
		$this->assertSession()->statusCodeEquals(200);
		// Referenced node title should appear if not blocked by recursion
		// protection.
		$this->assertSession()->pageTextContains($referenced_title);
		}

		}

core/modules/field/tests/src/Kernel/EntityReference/EntityReferenceFormatterTest.php

+165 −36

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@

		use Drupal\Core\Cache\Cache;
		use Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheableMetadata;
		use Drupal\Core\Entity\Entity\EntityViewDisplay;
		use Drupal\Core\Entity\Entity\EntityViewMode;
		use Drupal\Core\Field\FieldStorageDefinitionInterface;
		use Drupal\Core\Field\Plugin\Field\FieldFormatter\EntityReferenceEntityFormatter;
		use Drupal\entity_test\Entity\EntityTest;
		use Drupal\entity_test\Entity\EntityTestLabel;
		use Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig;
		@@ -50,6 +51,11 @@ class EntityReferenceFormatterTest extends EntityKernelTestBase {
		*/
		protected $fieldName = 'field_test';

		/**
		* The non cacheable view mode.
		*/
		protected string $nonCacheableViewMode = 'no_cache';

		/**
		* The entity to be referenced in this test.
		*
		@@ -236,21 +242,57 @@ public function testEntityFormatter(): void {
		$this->assertSame('default \| ' . $this->unsavedReferencedEntity->label() . $expected_rendered_name_field_2 . $expected_rendered_body_field_2, (string) $build[1]['#markup'], sprintf('The markup returned by the %s formatter is correct for an item with a unsaved entity.', $formatter));
		}

		/**
		* Tests that iterative rendering is allowed by recursive render protection.
		*/
		public function testEntityFormatterIterativeRendering(): void {
		/** @var \Drupal\Core\Render\RendererInterface $renderer */
		$renderer = $this->container->get('renderer');
		$view_builder = $this->entityTypeManager->getViewBuilder($this->entityType);

		$this->createNonCacheableViewMode();

		$storage = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()->getStorage($this->entityType);
		$entity = $storage->create(['name' => $this->randomMachineName()]);
		$entity->save();
		$referencing_entity = $storage->create([
		'name' => $this->randomMachineName(),
		$this->fieldName => $entity->id(),
		]);
		$referencing_entity->save();

		// Set count to higher than the previous render protection limit of 20.
		$count = 21;
		// Render the same entity multiple times to check that iterative rendering
		// is allowed as long as the entity is not being recursively rendered.
		$build = $view_builder->viewMultiple(array_fill(0, $count, $referencing_entity), $this->nonCacheableViewMode);
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);
		// The title of entity_test entities is printed twice by default, so we have
		// to multiply our count by 2.
		$this->assertSame($count * 2, substr_count($output, $entity->label()));
		}

		/**
		* Tests the recursive rendering protection of the entity formatter.
		*/
		public function testEntityFormatterRecursiveRendering(): void {
		// Intercept our specific warning and suppress it.
		set_error_handler(function (int $errno, string $errstr): bool {
		return $errno === E_USER_WARNING && str_starts_with($errstr, 'Recursive rendering attempt aborted');
		});

		/** @var \Drupal\Core\Render\RendererInterface $renderer */
		$renderer = $this->container->get('renderer');
		$formatter = 'entity_reference_entity_view';
		$view_builder = $this->entityTypeManager->getViewBuilder($this->entityType);

		$this->createNonCacheableViewMode();

		// Set the default view mode to use the 'entity_reference_entity_view'
		// formatter.
		\Drupal::service('entity_display.repository')
		->getViewDisplay($this->entityType, $this->bundle)
		->setComponent($this->fieldName, [
		'type' => $formatter,
		'type' => 'entity_reference_entity_view',
		])
		->save();

		@@ -261,60 +303,82 @@ public function testEntityFormatterRecursiveRendering(): void {
		// Create a self-reference.
		$referencing_entity_1->{$this->fieldName}->entity = $referencing_entity_1;
		$referencing_entity_1->save();
		$referencing_entity_1_label = $referencing_entity_1->label();

		// Check that the recursive rendering stops after it reaches the specified
		// limit.
		$build = $view_builder->view($referencing_entity_1, 'default');
		// Using a different view mode is not recursion.
		$build = $view_builder->view($referencing_entity_1, 'teaser');
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);
		// 2 occurrences of the entity title per entity.
		$expected_occurrences = 4;

		// The title of entity_test entities is printed twice by default, so we have
		// to multiply the formatter's recursive rendering protection limit by 2.
		// Additionally, we have to take into account 2 additional occurrences of
		// the entity title because we're rendering the full entity, not just the
		// reference field.
		$expected_occurrences = EntityReferenceEntityFormatter::RECURSIVE_RENDER_LIMIT * 2 + 2;
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_1->label());
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_1_label);
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);

		// Repeat the process with another entity in order to check that the
		// 'recursive_render_id' counter is generated properly.
		// Self-references should not be rendered.
		// entity_1 -> entity_1
		$build = $view_builder->view($referencing_entity_1, $this->nonCacheableViewMode);
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);
		$expected_occurrences = 2;
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_1_label);
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);
		$build = $view_builder->view($referencing_entity_1, $this->nonCacheableViewMode);

		// Repetition is not wrongly detected as recursion.
		// entity_1 -> entity_1
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_1_label);
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);

		// Referencing from another entity works fine.
		// entity_2 -> entity_1
		$referencing_entity_2 = $storage->create(['name' => $this->randomMachineName()]);
		$referencing_entity_2->save();
		$referencing_entity_2->{$this->fieldName}->entity = $referencing_entity_2;
		$referencing_entity_2_label = $referencing_entity_2->label();
		$referencing_entity_2->{$this->fieldName}->entity = $referencing_entity_1;
		$referencing_entity_2->save();

		$build = $view_builder->view($referencing_entity_2, 'default');
		$build = $view_builder->view($referencing_entity_2, $this->nonCacheableViewMode);
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);

		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_2->label());
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_1_label);
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);

		// Now render both entities at the same time and check again.
		$build = $view_builder->viewMultiple([$referencing_entity_1, $referencing_entity_2], 'default');
		// Referencing from multiple is fine.
		// entity_1 -> entity_1
		// entity_2 -> entity_1
		$build = $view_builder->viewMultiple([$referencing_entity_1, $referencing_entity_2], $this->nonCacheableViewMode);
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);

		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_1->label());
		// entity_1 should be seen once as a parent and once as a child of entity_2.
		$expected_occurrences = 4;
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_1_label);
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);

		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_2->label());
		// entity_2 is seen only once, as a parent.
		$expected_occurrences = 2;
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_2_label);
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);
		// Indirect recursion is not ok.
		// entity_2 -> entity_1 -> entity_2
		$referencing_entity_1->{$this->fieldName}->entity = $referencing_entity_2;
		$referencing_entity_1->save();
		$build = $view_builder->view($referencing_entity_2, $this->nonCacheableViewMode);
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);
		// Each entity should be seen once.
		$expected_occurrences = 2;
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_1_label);
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);
		$expected_occurrences = 2;
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referencing_entity_2_label);
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);

		restore_error_handler();
		}

		/**
		* Renders the same entity referenced from different places.
		*/
		public function testEntityReferenceRecursiveProtectionWithManyRenderedEntities(): void {
		$formatter = 'entity_reference_entity_view';
		$view_builder = $this->entityTypeManager->getViewBuilder($this->entityType);

		// Set the default view mode to use the 'entity_reference_entity_view'
		// formatter.
		\Drupal::service('entity_display.repository')
		->getViewDisplay($this->entityType, $this->bundle)
		->setComponent($this->fieldName, [
		'type' => $formatter,
		])
		->save();
		$this->createNonCacheableViewMode();

		$storage = $this->entityTypeManager->getStorage($this->entityType);
		/** @var \Drupal\Core\Entity\ContentEntityInterface $referenced_entity */
		@@ -330,7 +394,7 @@ public function testEntityReferenceRecursiveProtectionWithManyRenderedEntities()
		return $referencing_entity;
		}, $range);

		$build = $view_builder->viewMultiple($referencing_entities, 'default');
		$build = $view_builder->viewMultiple($referencing_entities, $this->nonCacheableViewMode);
		$output = $this->render($build);

		// The title of entity_test entities is printed twice by default, so we have
		@@ -339,10 +403,46 @@ public function testEntityReferenceRecursiveProtectionWithManyRenderedEntities()
		// the entity title because we're rendering the full entity, not just the
		// reference field.
		$expected_occurrences = 30 * 2 + 2;
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referenced_entity->get('name')->value);
		$actual_occurrences = substr_count($output, $referenced_entity->label());
		$this->assertEquals($expected_occurrences, $actual_occurrences);
		}

		/**
		* Tests multiple renderings of an entity that references another.
		*/
		public function testEntityReferenceRecursionProtectionWithRepeatedReferencingEntity(): void {
		/** @var \Drupal\Core\Render\RendererInterface $renderer */
		$renderer = $this->container->get('renderer');
		$view_builder = $this->entityTypeManager->getViewBuilder($this->entityType);

		$this->createNonCacheableViewMode();

		$storage = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()->getStorage($this->entityType);
		$entity = $storage->create(['name' => $this->randomMachineName()]);
		$entity->save();
		$referencing_entity = $storage->create([
		'name' => $this->randomMachineName(),
		$this->fieldName => $entity->id(),
		]);
		$referencing_entity->save();

		// Large-scale repetition within a single render root is not recursion.
		$count = 30;
		$build = $view_builder->viewMultiple(array_fill(0, $count, $referencing_entity), $this->nonCacheableViewMode);
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);
		// The title of entity_test entities is printed twice by default, so we have
		// to multiply our count by 2.
		$this->assertSame($count * 2, substr_count($output, $entity->label()));

		// Large-scale repetition across render roots is not recursion.
		for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
		$build = $view_builder->view($referencing_entity, $this->nonCacheableViewMode);
		$output = (string) $renderer->renderRoot($build);
		// The title of entity_test entities is printed twice by default.
		$this->assertSame(2, substr_count($output, $entity->label()));
		}
		}

		/**
		* Tests the label formatter.
		*/
		@@ -498,4 +598,33 @@ protected function buildRenderArray(array $referenced_entities, $formatter, $for
		return $items->view(['type' => $formatter, 'settings' => $formatter_options]);
		}

		/**
		* Creates a non cacheable view mode.
		*/
		protected function createNonCacheableViewMode(): void {
		EntityViewMode::create([
		'id' => $this->entityType . '.' . $this->nonCacheableViewMode,
		'label' => 'No cache view mode',
		'targetEntityType' => $this->entityType,
		'cache' => FALSE,
		])
		->save();

		// Set the new view mode to use the 'entity_reference_entity_view'
		// formatter displaying entities in non cacheable view mode as well.
		EntityViewDisplay::create([
		'targetEntityType' => $this->entityType,
		'bundle' => $this->bundle,
		'mode' => $this->nonCacheableViewMode,
		'status' => TRUE,
		])
		->setComponent($this->fieldName, [
		'type' => 'entity_reference_entity_view',
		'settings' => [
		'view_mode' => $this->nonCacheableViewMode,
		],
		])
		->save();
		}

		}

core/modules/media/src/Plugin/Filter/MediaEmbed.php

+0 −32

Original line number	Diff line number	Diff line
		@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
		use Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityTypeBundleInfoInterface;
		use Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityTypeManagerInterface;
		use Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityViewModeInterface;
		use Drupal\Core\Field\Plugin\Field\FieldFormatter\EntityReferenceEntityFormatter;
		use Drupal\Core\Form\FormStateInterface;
		use Drupal\Core\Logger\LoggerChannelFactoryInterface;
		use Drupal\Core\Plugin\ContainerFactoryPluginInterface;
		@@ -88,18 +87,6 @@ class MediaEmbed extends FilterBase implements ContainerFactoryPluginInterface,
		*/
		protected $loggerFactory;

		/**
		* An array of counters for the recursive rendering protection.
		*
		* Each counter takes into account all the relevant information about the
		* field and the referenced entity that is being rendered.
		*
		* @var array
		*
		* @see \Drupal\Core\Field\Plugin\Field\FieldFormatter\EntityReferenceEntityFormatter::$recursiveRenderDepth
		*/
		protected static $recursiveRenderDepth = [];

		/**
		* Constructs a MediaEmbed object.
		*
		@@ -212,25 +199,6 @@ public static function validateOptions(array &$element, FormStateInterface $form
		* A render array.
		*/
		protected function renderMedia(MediaInterface $media, $view_mode, $langcode) {
		// Due to render caching and delayed calls, filtering happens later
		// in the rendering process through a '#pre_render' callback, so we
		// need to generate a counter for the media entity that is being embedded.
		// @see \Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText()
		$recursive_render_id = $media->uuid();
		if (isset(static::$recursiveRenderDepth[$recursive_render_id])) {
		static::$recursiveRenderDepth[$recursive_render_id]++;
		}
		else {
		static::$recursiveRenderDepth[$recursive_render_id] = 1;
		}
		// Protect ourselves from recursive rendering: return an empty render array.
		if (static::$recursiveRenderDepth[$recursive_render_id] > EntityReferenceEntityFormatter::RECURSIVE_RENDER_LIMIT) {
		$this->loggerFactory->get('media')->error('During rendering of embedded media: recursive rendering detected for %entity_id. Aborting rendering.', [
		'%entity_id' => $media->id(),
		]);
		return [];
		}

		$build = $this->entityTypeManager
		->getViewBuilder('media')
		->view($media, $view_mode, $langcode);